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--- covid-19_risk [2021/10/25 03:01] – [COVID-19 risk and benefit of vaccination] gary1
+++ covid-19_risk [2025/11/05 10:00] (current) – [Risks of Covid-19 vaccination] gary1
@@ Line 33: / Line 33: @@
       * in Australia, the death rate from this complication if recognised and treated early results in an overall 1 in 1 million probability of death from this complication
     * allergic reactions
-    * rare cases of inducing thyrotoxicosis due to subacute [[thyroiditis]] or [[graves]] (([[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8507356/]]))(([[(([[https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/cen.14555]])) which resolves over months
+    * rare cases of inducing thyrotoxicosis due to subacute [[thyroiditis]] or [[graves]] (([[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8507356/]]))(([[https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/cen.14555]])) which resolves over months
     * rarely, autoimmune/inflammatory syndrome induced by adjuvants (ASIA syndrome)
   ***mRNA vaccines (eg. Pfizer/Moderna)**
-    * 1 in 1 million young people may develop transient myocarditis usualy within 1st week after dose although it is unknown at this stage of any long term morbidity resulting from this, and this is probably of similar rates of occurrence as with normal background incidence of pericarditis or myocarditis in the community
+    * 1 in 1 million young people may develop transient myocarditis usually within 1st week after dose although it is unknown at this stage of any long term morbidity resulting from this, and this is probably of similar rates of occurrence as with normal background incidence of pericarditis or myocarditis in the community
+    * a 2025 UK study (([[https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanchi/article/PIIS2352-4642(25)00247-0/fulltext|Lancet 2025: Vascular and inflammatory diseases after COVID-19 infection and vaccination in children and young people in England: a retrospective, population-based cohort study using linked electronic health records]])) of electronic health records of 14 million 5-18 year olds showed:
+      * COVID-19 infection led to 2.24 extra cases of myocarditis or pericarditis per 100,000 children and young people who had COVID-19. In contrast, those who were vaccinated, there were only 0.85 extra cases per 100,000 children and young people.
+      * after a first COVID-19 diagnosis, risks of the five conditions studied (arterial and venous thrombosis, thrombocytopenia, myocarditis or pericarditis) were highest in the first four weeks and, for several conditions, stayed higher for up to 12 months. In contrast, after COVID-19 vaccination, the team only saw a short-term higher risk in myocarditis or pericarditis in the first four weeks.
     * allergic reactions
     * rare cases of inducing thyrotoxicosis due to subacute [[thyroiditis]] or [[graves]] (([[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8507356/]]))(([[https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/cen.14555]])) which resolves over months