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--- neo_lung [2026/09/19 13:04] – [lung cancer in never smokers (LCINS)] gary1
+++ neo_lung [2026/09/19 13:04] (current) – [lung cancer in never smokers (LCINS)] gary1
@@ Line 61: / Line 61: @@
       * variants in EGFR, TP53, ATM, and members of the APOBEC3 family
       * certain mutations, such as EGFR p.Thr790Met (T790M), confer a particularly high lifetime risk and may lead to the development of multifocal lung lesions at younger ages
-        * among never smokers, those with EGFR T790M were more than 25 times as likely to develop lung cancer - the variant was present in present in 1 of 15,850 individuals and became enriched in the United States with a regional carrier frequency of 1 in 2078 through a founder event in the Southern Appalachian region approximately 200 years ago(([[https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.aec0473|2026: Germline EGFR T790M mutation and lung cancer risk]]))
+        * among never smokers, those with EGFR T790M were more than 25 times as likely to develop lung cancer - the variant was present in 1 of 15,850 individuals and became enriched in the United States with a regional carrier frequency of 1 in 2078 through a founder event in the Southern Appalachian region approximately 200 years ago(([[https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.aec0473|2026: Germline EGFR T790M mutation and lung cancer risk]]))
       * population-specific genetic factors, such as the APOBEC3A/B germline deletion, significantly increase the risk of certain lung cancers in some ethnic groups
       * clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) represents another emerging risk factor.