OzEMedicine - Wiki for Australian Emergency Medicine Doctors

Mx of acute migraine - [moderate-severe attack:]

gary1@undisclosed.example.com (gary1) — Thu, 16 Jul 2026 12:59:32 +0000

Mx of acute migraine see migraine, neurology, pain, analgesia and analgesics, headache see also: * NICS - Mx of acute migraine 006 (pdf) general principles * look for alarm symptoms & signs of headaches that may warrant a CT scan or alternate diagnosis * in general oral medications in acute attacks are poorly absorbed even with anti-emetic or in non-nauseated pts!! mild-moderate attack: * simple pain, analgesia and analgesics: * paracetamol (acetaminophen) +/- codeine

migraine - [pathophysiology]

gary1@undisclosed.example.com (gary1) — Thu, 16 Jul 2026 12:58:28 +0000

migraine see also: * Mx of acute migraine * acute unilateral headache * headache * neurology * cervicogenic headache * epidemiology: * the third most common medical condition worldwide * ranks as the seventh most disabling condition in terms of years of life lost to disability * of the general population: * 24% of females aged 40yrs have migraine

calcitonin gene receptor peptide (CGRP) blockers - [Examples]

gary1@undisclosed.example.com (gary1) — Thu, 16 Jul 2026 12:24:20 +0000

calcitonin gene receptor peptide (CGRP) blockers see also: * calcitonin * migraine * Mx of acute migraine Introduction * CGRP is a peptide in the brain that causes pain, inflammation, and blood vessel dilation during a migraine attack * CGRP blockers are agents which can block the actions of this peptide and can be used to help prevent as well as treat acute migraine attacks

calcitonin - [calcitonin]

gary1@undisclosed.example.com (gary1) — Thu, 16 Jul 2026 12:00:04 +0000

calcitonin see also: * calcium * parathyroid hormone (PTH) * vitamin D * calcitonin gene receptor peptide (CGRP) blockers Introduction Chemistry: * Calcitonin is a 34AA polypeptide (MW 3500) synthesised and secreted by the parafollicular (or clear cells) cells of the thyroid and in small amounts elsewhere: * “Calcitonin gene

periodontitis - [Potential contributory risk to other diseases]

gary1@undisclosed.example.com (gary1) — Mon, 13 Jul 2026 10:43:22 +0000

periodontitis see also: * dental * dental caries * gingivitis * acute dental pain / dental abscess * odontogenic sinusitis Introduction * periodontitis is inflammation in the tissues around the teeth and can cause “getting long in the tooth” due to gum recession and subsequent dental loss * Vincent's gingivitis - fusospirochaetal necrotising gingivitis may progress to necrotising periodontitis

dilated aortic root - [heritable thoracic aortic disease (HTAD)]

wh@undisclosed.example.com (wh) — Sun, 12 Jul 2026 05:53:16 +0000

dilated aortic root see also: * thoracic aortic aneurysm * vascular surgery * aortic dissection * abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) * ANZSVS patient information on TAAs and AAAs Introduction * the aortic root can be measured on echo or ECG-gated CT * a dilated aortic root is a major risk factor for: * development of thoracic aortic aneurysm * aortic dissection Normal size range * the normal aortic root size

non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) - [precautions]

gary1@undisclosed.example.com (gary1) — Fri, 10 Jul 2026 09:28:46 +0000

non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) see also eicosanoids including prostaglandins, pain, analgesia and analgesics, salicylate poisoning, aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid), colchicine introduction * NSAIDs are a group of drugs which have anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects via their inhibitory action upon cyclooxygenase (COX) which is involved in the synthesis of prostaglandins.

exercise for health - [Introduction]

gary1@undisclosed.example.com (gary1) — Fri, 10 Jul 2026 09:20:03 +0000

exercise for health see also: * nature exposure and benefits to health * atherosclerosis and primary prevention * obesity and weight management * frailty * Am Heart Association recommendations for exercise in adults Introduction * regular exercise is critical to maintain cardiovascular health, reduce chronic disease risks including cancer and improve mental health * ideally there should be a variety of exercise types undertaken regularly such as walking, walking up hills or stairs, an…

cachexia - [role of the vagal nerve]

gary1@undisclosed.example.com (gary1) — Fri, 10 Jul 2026 08:25:08 +0000

cachexia see also: * neoplasia / cancer / tumours * oncology Introduction * “Most people with cancer die of cachexia instead of cancer” IL-6 as mediator of brain dysfunction and cachexia in cancer patients * blocking IL-6 from binding to neurons in a part of the brain called the area postrema (AP) prevents cachexia in mice, this worked by either:

sleep hygiene - [Adverse effects of night time light]

gary1@undisclosed.example.com (gary1) — Fri, 10 Jul 2026 08:18:34 +0000

sleep hygiene see also: * sleep * physiology of sleep * insomnia * fatigue * stress * Coping with shift work * managing jet lag and your body clock * sleep disorders, excessive daytime sleepiness and dangers of driving with its legal ramifications: * Australian Roads * Australasian Sleep Association * perhaps your body clock is set early in life and inherited from your mother as with zebra fish * daylight savings and sleep disruption * caffeine and guarana helps drivers stay a…