OzEMedicine - Wiki for Australian Emergency Medicine Doctors

leukoencephalopathy - [Introduction]

gary1@undisclosed.example.com (gary1) — Thu, 27 Aug 2026 01:19:08 +0000

leukoencephalopathy see also: * meningitis * encephalopathy * progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) * Herpes simplex virus (HSV) * EBV / glandular fever / infectious mononucleosis * encephalitis Introduction * auto-immune demyelination of the central nervous system mainly affecting white matter especially in children and usually triggered by a viral infection in preceding 1-3 weeks

encephalitis - [encephalitis]

gary1@undisclosed.example.com (gary1) — Thu, 27 Aug 2026 00:48:47 +0000

encephalitis see also: * meningitis * encephalopathy * Herpes simplex virus (HSV) * EBV / glandular fever / infectious mononucleosis * leukoencephalopathy introduction * inflammation of the brain parenchyma which may or may not be associated with meningitis * the most common cause in in immunocompetent adults in Western society is caused by herpes simplex virus, while varicella may be life threatening in immunocompromised patients and thus patients with suspected encephalitis should g…

EBV / glandular fever / infectious mononucleosis - [adolescent infectious mononucleosis]

gary1@undisclosed.example.com (gary1) — Thu, 27 Aug 2026 00:48:18 +0000

EBV / glandular fever / infectious mononucleosis see also: * viruses * tonsillitis * NSW: patient information sheet (pdf) introduction * Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) is the virus that causes glandular fever (infectious mononucleosis or IM) * a frequent infection, particularly in young adults, mainly due to spread via saliva such as kissing or sharing drinks

potassium-competitive acid blockers (P-CABs) - created

gary1@undisclosed.example.com (gary1) — Wed, 26 Aug 2026 12:12:28 +0000

potassium-competitive acid blockers (P-CABs) see also: * peptic ulcer disease * gastro-oesophageal reflux * proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) * pharmacology main index Introduction * potassium-competitive acid blockers (P-CABs) are a class of medications which suppress gastric acid secretion apparently with more rapid and consistent acid suppression, negligible CYP2C19 interaction, longer half-life, and high tolerability than with

proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) - [proton pump inhibitors (PPIs)]

gary1@undisclosed.example.com (gary1) — Wed, 26 Aug 2026 12:08:03 +0000

proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) see also: * peptic ulcer disease * gastro-oesophageal reflux * potassium-competitive acid blockers (P-CABs) * pharmacology main index introduction * acid pump (gastric H+,K+ ATPase) inhibitors * result in decreased basal & stimulated gastric acid secretion irrespective of stimuli; examples omeprazole (Losec): * 1st PPI

the eye - [optic system]

gary1@undisclosed.example.com (gary1) — Wed, 26 Aug 2026 12:05:12 +0000

the eye see also: * ophthalmology * the eye examination / slit lamp exam Introduction * the human eye has a total optical power of about +60 diopters * 70% to 80% of total refraction (+42 to +43 diopters) occurs at the cornea however, its focusing power is fixed and cannot change shape *

glaucoma - [glaucoma]

gary1@undisclosed.example.com (gary1) — Wed, 26 Aug 2026 12:01:30 +0000

glaucoma see also: * ophthalmology * the eye * the eye examination / slit lamp exam introduction * aqueous humor is produced by the ciliary body in the posterior chamber of the eye. It diffuses from the posterior chamber, through the pupil, and into the anterior chamber. From the anterior chamber, the fluid is drained into the vascular system via the trabecular meshwork and Schlemm canal contained within the angle.

the chest X-ray (CXR) - [TB]

wh@undisclosed.example.com (wh) — Wed, 26 Aug 2026 00:17:27 +0000

the chest X-ray (CXR) see also: * radiology * lung / pulmonary mass on CT or CXR * wikipedia - chest radiograph * CXR atlas * Emedicine chest imaging articles * Medical student CXR interpretation tutorial * RadiologyED.org resource library * LITFL's 150 top CXR cases/quizzes reading a CXR before you get started * optimise room lighting by turning off stray lights - unfortunately this is not likely to be possible in most ED's * check patient name and date of examination

foods that may be toxic or bad for you - [food or beverage constituents that are generally harmful]

gary1@undisclosed.example.com (gary1) — Tue, 25 Aug 2026 20:41:57 +0000

foods that may be toxic or bad for you see also: * toxinology * blue-green algae (BGA) toxins in waterways * food poisoning * air pollution and health risks * bio-accumulations and long term health * diets and healthy foods * Toxins (Basel). 2010 Sep Naturally Occurring Food Toxins Introduction * anything taken too much is bad for you - even water and oxygen * foods can cause illness if: * a person has a medically specific intolerance * a person has an allergy -

DNA and genes - [DNA replication]

gary1@undisclosed.example.com (gary1) — Mon, 24 Aug 2026 13:32:14 +0000

DNA and genes see also: * genetics * genomics * gene regulation * micro RNAs (miRNAs) Introduction * the human genome consists of over three billion nucleotide pairs which make up the 46 chromosomes in each nucleated cell * an average chromosome contains 130 million nucleotide pairs which if put into a line would be 4cm long!

unregulated peptides - [Retatrutide]

gary1@undisclosed.example.com (gary1) — Mon, 24 Aug 2026 12:26:24 +0000

unregulated peptides see also: * hormones * sports injuries * Introduction * a number of synthetic injectable peptides are being sold which have not been approved by TGA and which may be harmful * their use is often driven by social media influencers who often spread medical misinformation

ageing - [why do we age?]

gary1@undisclosed.example.com (gary1) — Sat, 22 Aug 2026 03:33:25 +0000

ageing see also: * androgen deficiency * geriatrics * longevity and immortality * wikipedia * 2026: Aging and Cardiovascular Health: CVIA State-of-the-Art Review Introduction * the biologic factors causing mammalian aging process is still poorly understood * aging is one of the most common risk factors for human disease why do we age? * the rate of ageing varies substantially across different species, and this is mainly genetically based and the biological mechanisms which regulate…

sweat glands and hair - [Apocrine sweat glands]

gary1@undisclosed.example.com (gary1) — Fri, 21 Aug 2026 11:32:27 +0000

sweat glands and hair see also: * dermatology * alopecia * hyperhidrosis / excessive sweating * hidradenitis suppurativa * scalp folliculitis * folliculitis * skin_abscess Introduction * there are three main types of dermal glands, each with their own physiologic function and skin distribution * two of them have ducts which open into hair follicles - the sebaceous and apocrine glands whereas eccrine sweat gland ducts open directly onto skin

hidradenitis suppurativa - [hidradenitis suppurativa]

gary1@undisclosed.example.com (gary1) — Fri, 21 Aug 2026 11:23:30 +0000

hidradenitis suppurativa see also: * skin_abcess * perianal abscess * sweat glands and hair introduction * a chronic follicular occlusive disease that affects the intertriginous axillary, groin, perianal, perineal, and inframammary skin staging * stage I: abscess formation without sinus tracts or scarring

hyperhidrosis / excessive sweating - [hyperhidrosis / excessive sweating]

gary1@undisclosed.example.com (gary1) — Fri, 21 Aug 2026 09:45:35 +0000

hyperhidrosis / excessive sweating see also: * heat illness and heat stroke * sweat glands and hair Introduction * hyperhidrosis is chronic and excessive sweating to the extent that patients sweat so profusely that they have to change their clothes several times a day * emotional sweating is mediated by cortical–limbic activation that signals to preganglionic sympathetic neurons in the spinal cord, which synapse onto cholinergic postganglionic neurons releasing acetylcholine onto eccrine…