http://www.ozemedicine.com/wiki/ Thu, 06 Aug 2026 01:14:03 +0000 FeedCreator 1.8 http://www.ozemedicine.com/wiki/lib/tpl/dokuwiki/images/favicon.ico http://www.ozemedicine.com/wiki/ http://www.ozemedicine.com/wiki/doku.php?id=eye_exam the eye examination / slit lamp exam see also: * ophthalmology * chemical injuries and burns to the eyes * welder flash burns - UV keratopathy (photo keratitis) * Eye injuries * the eye Intrduction * the ability to perform a good eye examination is an important skill for most doctors * A history suggestive of chemical burns warrants immediate and prolonged eye irrigation before a complete eye exam gary1@undisclosed.example.com (gary1) Thu, 06 Aug 2026 01:10:15 +0000 http://www.ozemedicine.com/wiki/doku.php?id=woodslamp Wood's lamp - UV light for dermatologic assessment see also: * dermatology * tinea fungal infections Introduction * the Wood's lamp emits long wave UV light (typically in the 320–400 nm range, with a peak wavelength around 365 nm and traditionally use Wood’s glass - barium silicate with nickel oxide that blocks most visible light while transmitting UVA, but new devices usually just use 365nm LEDs) which is used to detect flourescence of skin or hair to help diagnose various conditions gary1@undisclosed.example.com (gary1) Thu, 06 Aug 2026 01:06:26 +0000 http://www.ozemedicine.com/wiki/doku.php?id=phosphodiesterase_inhibitors phosphodiesterase inhibitors (PDE inhibitors) see also: * methylxanthines introduction * phosphodiesterase is an enzyme that metabolises either cAMP (PDE 4,7,8), cGMP (PDE 5,6,9) or both (PDE 1,2,3,10,11) depending on the isoform. * in mammals, the PDE superfamily of enzymes is classified into 11 families, namely PDE1-PDE11. gary1@undisclosed.example.com (gary1) Wed, 05 Aug 2026 10:08:31 +0000 http://www.ozemedicine.com/wiki/doku.php?id=air_pollution air pollution and health risks see also: * respiratory medicine * foods that may be toxic or bad for you * risk and the perception of risk * exposome and health * it is not only air pollutants that are bad for you, dry air (eg. prolonged air conditioning) or prolonged exposure to cold air is also bad for you (WHO recommends minimum household temperatures of 18degC) gary1@undisclosed.example.com (gary1) Wed, 05 Aug 2026 10:05:15 +0000 http://www.ozemedicine.com/wiki/doku.php?id=bird_flu bird flu / H5N1 / HPAI see also: * influenza * pandemics - influenza, coronavirus, Ebola Introduction * of the influenza viruses, only type A influenza viruses infect birds, and all known subtypes can do so. * 15 subtypes of influenza virus are known to infect birds, thus providing an extensive reservoir of influenza viruses potentially circulating in bird populations. Migratory waterfowl, esp. wild ducks, are the natural reservoir of avian influenza viruses, and these birds are the mo… gary1@undisclosed.example.com (gary1) Wed, 05 Aug 2026 10:03:15 +0000 http://www.ozemedicine.com/wiki/doku.php?id=ticks ticks in Australia see also: * insect bites and stings * toxinology introduction * ticks are blood sucking, external parasites which belong to the order Acarina (which also contains mites) and are related to spiders and scorpions * globally, only mosquitoes spread more human and animal diseases than ticks gary1@undisclosed.example.com (gary1) Wed, 05 Aug 2026 00:30:38 +0000 http://www.ozemedicine.com/wiki/doku.php?id=adaptive_immunity adaptive immunity see also: * innate immunity * immunology * autoimmune disease Introduction * adaptive immunity refers to the ability to specifically target pathogens based upon past exposure to that pathogen * in contrast, innate immunity is a relatively non-specific immunity system although pentraxin 3 (PTX3) does play a similar role as antibodies but they are not adaptive to new pathogens gary1@undisclosed.example.com (gary1) Wed, 05 Aug 2026 00:21:44 +0000 http://www.ozemedicine.com/wiki/doku.php?id=malaria malaria see also: * travel medicine * the febrile returned traveller * transdermal detection of malaria in blood using laser to create nanobubbles in the RBC and then acoustic assessment of them bursting - low cost, battery powered devices may revolutionise diagnosis * prophylactic antimalarials do not eliminate the possibility of malaria and may extend the incubation period by many weeks, appropriate testing should always be done for a febrile traveller without obvious cause returning fr… gary1@undisclosed.example.com (gary1) Tue, 04 Aug 2026 23:54:53 +0000 http://www.ozemedicine.com/wiki/doku.php?id=obesity obesity and weight management * the obese patient in the ED * lipoedema * steatohepatitis (fatty liver) * diabetes mellitus * adipokines and adipose-derived hormones * carbohydrates and sugars * gastric lap bands / gastric sleeve * anorexia nervosa / eating disorders * Victoria health Pathways Mx of obesity * RCH guideline - obesity and weight management Introduction * obesity is a complex major increasing global health issue * prevalence of obesity classes 4 and 5 in the US has … gary1@undisclosed.example.com (gary1) Tue, 04 Aug 2026 23:52:47 +0000 http://www.ozemedicine.com/wiki/doku.php?id=anorexia_nervosa anorexia nervosa / eating disorders see also: * RCH guideline - anorexia nervosa * obesity and weight management Introduction * an eating disorder defined by: * persistent energy intake restriction * intense fear of weight gain or persistent behaviour that interferes with weight gain * and a disturbance of body image gary1@undisclosed.example.com (gary1) Tue, 04 Aug 2026 23:49:26 +0000 http://www.ozemedicine.com/wiki/doku.php?id=dna DNA and genes see also: * genetics * genomics * gene regulation * micro RNAs (miRNAs) Introduction * the human genome consists of over three billion nucleotide pairs which make up the 46 chromosomes in each nucleated cell * an average chromosome contains 130 million nucleotide pairs which if put into a line would be 4cm long! gary1@undisclosed.example.com (gary1) Tue, 04 Aug 2026 10:04:10 +0000 http://www.ozemedicine.com/wiki/doku.php?id=steatohepatitis steatohepatitis (fatty liver) see also: * hepatitis * liver diseases introduction * steatohepatitis is a progression of fatty liver disease and may progress on to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma * initially it is asymptomatic and may only be discovered as a result of: * raised liver function tests (LFTs) * hepatomegaly * diagnosis on USS or CT abdo gary1@undisclosed.example.com (gary1) Tue, 04 Aug 2026 09:58:28 +0000 http://www.ozemedicine.com/wiki/doku.php?id=hearing hearing and auditory processing see also: * deafness / hearing loss * sensorineural hearing loss / deafness * the brain physiology * humans can detect sounds in a frequency range from about 20 Hz to 20 kHz * infants can actually hear frequencies slightly higher than 20 kHz, but lose some high-frequency sensitivity as they mature gary1@undisclosed.example.com (gary1) Tue, 04 Aug 2026 09:47:28 +0000 http://www.ozemedicine.com/wiki/doku.php?id=brain the brain see also: * brain evolution and development * cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) * stroke (CVA) * neurology * consciousness * memory * speech * dementia * modelling the brain: * Dec 2023: Uni of Cambridge, UK, announces by using their new concept 3D “spatially embedded recurrent neural networks” (seRNNs) they have created a self-organizing, artificially intelligent system that uses the same tricks as the human brain to solve specific tasks. The seRNNs converged on structural and f… gary1@undisclosed.example.com (gary1) Tue, 04 Aug 2026 09:46:57 +0000 http://www.ozemedicine.com/wiki/doku.php?id=deafness deafness / hearing loss see also: * hearing and auditory processing * sensorineural hearing loss / deafness * ears, nose and throat surgery (ENT) * ED Mx of vertigo and BPV * tinnitus * presbycusis (deafness of aging) * drug induced ototoxicity * endolymphatic hydrops including Meniere's disease * RVEEH clinical practice guidelines: * Idiopathic Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss (pdf) * Impacted Wax (pdf) introduction * deafness is classified as either conductive or sensorineu… gary1@undisclosed.example.com (gary1) Tue, 04 Aug 2026 09:45:40 +0000 http://www.ozemedicine.com/wiki/doku.php?id=deafness_sensorineural sensorineural hearing loss / deafness see also: * hearing and auditory processing * deafness / hearing loss * presbycusis (deafness of aging) * drug induced ototoxicity * endolymphatic hydrops including Meniere's disease aetiology transient noise-induced hearing loss * prolonged acute exposure to loud noise results in transient reduced hearing * this may be due to depletion of calcium stores within the tectorial membrane of the cochlear which appears to regulate hearing by release ca… gary1@undisclosed.example.com (gary1) Tue, 04 Aug 2026 09:42:51 +0000 http://www.ozemedicine.com/wiki/doku.php?id=sleep_hygiene sleep hygiene see also: * sleep * physiology of sleep * insomnia * fatigue * stress * Coping with shift work * managing jet lag and your body clock * sleep disorders, excessive daytime sleepiness and dangers of driving with its legal ramifications: * Australian Roads * Australasian Sleep Association * perhaps your body clock is set early in life and inherited from your mother as with zebra fish * daylight savings and sleep disruption * caffeine and guarana helps drivers stay a… gary1@undisclosed.example.com (gary1) Tue, 04 Aug 2026 09:14:45 +0000 http://www.ozemedicine.com/wiki/doku.php?id=dental_caries dental caries see also: * dental * periodontitis * acute dental pain / dental abscess * odontogenic sinusitis Introduction * dental decay has been linked to duration of exposure to sweet and acid foods such as: * sweetened drinks including fruit juice, cordial, Milo, Quik, Ribena, sports drinks, soft drinks (including sugar-free) gary1@undisclosed.example.com (gary1) Tue, 04 Aug 2026 09:11:25 +0000 http://www.ozemedicine.com/wiki/doku.php?id=aging ageing see also: * androgen deficiency * geriatrics * longevity and immortality * wikipedia * 2026: Aging and Cardiovascular Health: CVIA State-of-the-Art Review Introduction * the biologic factors causing mammalian aging process is still poorly understood * aging is one of the most common risk factors for human disease why do we age? * the rate of ageing varies substantially across different species, and this is mainly genetically based and the biological mechanisms which regulate… gary1@undisclosed.example.com (gary1) Tue, 04 Aug 2026 08:59:44 +0000 http://www.ozemedicine.com/wiki/doku.php?id=sodium_diet salt / sodium in food products see also: * diets and healthy foods * healthy living and diets * hypertension Introduction * excessive sodium in the diet is generally considered a very bad think, especially for people at risk of hypertension or cardiac failure * of course, too rapid ingestion of salt water exceeding rate sodium can be excreted may be lethal by causing acute gary1@undisclosed.example.com (gary1) Tue, 04 Aug 2026 08:39:54 +0000