Table of Contents

influenza

see also:

introduction

influenza virus survival

influenza transmissibility

Influenza infected patients transmission based precautions duration

Influenza severity

influenza pandemics

planning assumptions for a pandemic influenza:

influenza vs common cold

clinical feature influenza common cold
fever > 38 deg C usual, lasts 3-4 days uncommon
dry cough common early unusual early unless asthmatic, common late perhaps due to post-nasal drip
headache usual early and can be severe common but usually mild unless develops sinusitis
aches and pains usual and can be severe rare
fatigue and weakness usual and can last 2-3 weeks or more after acute illness sometimes but mild
debilitating fatigue usual, early onset can be severe rare
nausea, vomiting & diarrhoea in children < 5 yrs age rare
watering of eyes rare usual
runny, snuffly nose less significant a significant symptom
sneezing rare, and in early stages usual
sore throat usual usual
chest discomfort usual and can be severe sometimes but usually mild
complications respiratory failure; can worsen cardiac failure and other chronic conditions; 16x increased risk of myocardial infarction in adults not taking antiplatelet Rx 5) otitis media; sinusitis
fatalities 1% of seasonal cases not reported
prevention influenza vaccine; frequent hand washing; cover cough; frequent hand washing; cover cough/sneezing

influenza testing

drug therapy for human influenza

  • neuraminidase inhibitor (*ivir medications) antiviral therapies for influenza appear to only have minimal benefit and are probably not worth the expense for healthy adults and children 7)

potential indications for prophylactic Rx

potential indications for Rx:

selection of anti-viral drug:

baloxavir marboxil (brand name Xofluza)

neuraminidase inhibitors

influenza A:
influenza B:
2)
2022 Victorian guidelines
3)
Immunity Feb 9 2026