vitamin K

see also:

• vitamins
• anticoagulants

• vitamin K is an essential vitamin involved in various functions:
  • production of coagulation factors by the liver
  • bone health:
    • vitamin K signaling appears to mainly act through bone-forming cells as γ-glutamyl carboxylase and vitamin K oxidoreductase are expressed predominantly in osteoblasts rather than osteoclasts
    • growth arrest-specific 6 (GAS6), a signaling molecule secreted by osteoblasts, activates the TAM family receptors, AXL and MerTK on pre-osteoclasts, GAS6 strongly promotes osteoclast formation and increases the number of nuclei per osteoclast, producing larger multinucleated cells capable of enhanced bone resorption ¹⁾