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--- cytokines [2025/12/15 22:49] – [introduction] gary1
+++ cytokines [2025/12/15 22:50] (current) – [introduction] gary1
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       * cytokines, including TNF19, IL-6, IL-17A21 and IL-17F22, from adipose immune cells **regulate local homeostasis and systemic metabolic processes** (([[https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-024-08131-3]]))
         * γδ T cells, invariant natural killer T cells and mucosal-associated invariant T cells all of which rhythmically produce IL-17A exhibit elevated expression of "molecular clock" genes
+        * IL-17 is important for preventing Candida disease such as oral thrush partly by reducing production of candidalysin as it indirectly sequesters zinc away from the fungus (([[https://www.nature.com/articles/s41564-025-02198-y|2025: IL-17-mediated antifungal immunity restricts Candida albicans pathogenicity in the oral cavity]])) - zinc is an important factor that is needed by the fungus to form invasive hyphae and produce candidalysin
         * IL-17A within adipose tissue plays a regulatory role in fat storage
     *lymphokines - produced by lymphocytes
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         * also activates Janus kinase-signal transducers and activators of transcription-3 (JAK-STAT3) pathways
         * a 2024 study (([[https://www.news-medical.net/news/20240718/Breakthrough-in-aging-research-Blocking-IL-11-extends-lifespan-and-improves-health-in-mice.aspx]])) showed that in aging mice, the expression of IL-11 was upregulated in various types of cells and tissues and that the deletion of either the gene coding for IL-11 or the IL-11 receptor's alpha 1 subunit protected the mice against metabolic decline, frailty, and multimorbidity as they aged.
-    * IL-17 is important for preventing Candida disease such as oral thrush partly by reducing production of candidalysin as it indirectly sequesters zinc away from the fungus (([[https://www.nature.com/articles/s41564-025-02198-y|2025: IL-17-mediated antifungal immunity restricts Candida albicans pathogenicity in the oral cavity]])) - zinc is an important factor that is needed by the fungus to form invasive hyphae and produce candidalysin
     *specific cytokine receptors for IL-1, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and IL-18 also function as proinflammatory cytokine inhibitors