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--- sarcopenia [2025/11/06 00:21] – [Aetiology] gary1
+++ sarcopenia [2025/11/06 00:22] (current) – [Aetiology] gary1
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     * chronic inflammatory conditions
     * genetic factors:
-      * **genetic factors account for 46–76% and 32–67% of fat-free mass (FFM) and muscle strength variability**, respectively and thus far it seems 24 genes and 46 DNA polymorphisms whose expression was significantly associated with muscle phenotypes in older adults have been found (([[https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7016601/|2019: Genetic Associations with Aging Muscle: A Systematic Review]]))
+      * **genetic factors account for 46–76% and 32–67% of fat-free mass (FFM) and muscle strength variability**, respectively and thus far it seems 24 genes and 46 DNA polymorphisms whose expression is significantly associated with muscle phenotypes in older adults have been found (([[https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7016601/|2019: Genetic Associations with Aging Muscle: A Systematic Review]]))
       * ACTN3 (the "sprint gene"):
         * 1 in 5 people have genetic α-actinin-3 deficiency due to homozygosity for the premature stop codon at the rs1815739 (R577X) polymorphism which is associated with significantly lower strength and higher frailty scores as they age(([[https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.adw1059|2025: ACTN3 genotype influences androgen response in developing murine skeletal muscle]]))