see also:

• stridor
• noisy breathing
• wheeze

• lung or pulmonary crepitations are crackling noises heard mainly on ausculatation
• they are traditionally described as either:
  • coarse - usually due to sputum retention and generally clear on coughing
  • fine - suggestive of acute pulmonary oedema (APO)
  • metallic - suggestive of pulmonary fibrosis