see also:

• arthritis - clinical patterns
• ankylosing spondylitis (AS)
• sacroiliitis
• acute thoracic back pain in the adult

• spondyloarthopathies in its broadest sense refers to joint disease of the vertebral column which could include rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis
• it's use is usually restricted to seronegative spondyloarthropathy which restricts it to a group of inflammatory conditions usually associated with HLA-B27 and which have a negative anti-nuclear antibodies (ANA) and RhF.
  • these conditions often cause:
    • spondylitis (inflammation of the spine)
    • asymmetric peripheral arthritis (which is distinct from rheumatoid arthritis)
    • arthritis of the toe IP Joints
    • sacroiliitis
    • sausage digits
    • enthesitis such as achilles tenosynovitis
    • plantar fasciitis
    • costochondritis
    • iritis / uveitis
    • mucocutaneous lesions including genital lesions

• ankylosing spondylitis (AS)
• reactive arthritis (Reiter's syndrome)
• enteropathic spondylitis (spondylitis associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD))
• psoriatic arthritis
  • ~20% develop spondylitis +/- sacroiliitis
  • most have onychodystrophy
  • proximal interphalangeal joints and distal interphalangeal joints are commonly involved with characteristic sausage-shaped digits.
  • knees, hips, ankles, temporomandibular joints, and wrists are less frequently involved.
  • 25% develop a symmetric arthritis similar to rheumatoid arthritis
• isolated acute anterior uveitis
• Undifferentiated spondyloarthropathy (USpA)