see also:

• pregnancy
• Obstetrics
• decreased fetal movements (DFM or RFM)
• fetal growth restriction (FGR / SGA / IUGR)
• WH guideline for stillbirths and neonatal deaths - intranet only

• a fetal death in utero (FDIU) is defined as:
  • “The death of a baby in utero after 20 completed weeks of gestation or birth weight more than 400grams if the period of gestation cannot be reliably established.”
• a stillbirth is defined as:
  • “A baby born of at least 20 weeks gestation, or if it cannot be reliably established whether the period of gestation is more or less than 20 weeks, with a body mass of at least 400 grams at birth that exhibits no sign of respiration or heartbeat, or other sign of life after birth.”
• a neonatal death is defined as:
  • “The death of a live born infant within 28 days of birth.”

• decreased fetal movements (DFM or RFM)
• maternal age:
  • < 20 yrs: 0.5% risk
  • 20-30yrs: 0.4% risk
  • 35-39yrs: 0.5% risk
  • 40-44yrs: 0.65% risk
  • > 44yrs: 0.8% risk
• trauma
• diabetes mellitus
• obesity and weight management
• hypertension
• smoking
• known fetal growth restriction - account for a 1/3rd of non-anomalous stillbirths
• antepartum haemorrhage
• placental insufficiency
• primiparity
• racial / ethnic factors
• genetic factors
• Rh isoimmunization
• congenital malformations
• cholestasis
• substance abuse including alcohol
• issues with maternal care / socioeconomic disadvantage