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splenomegaly
splenomegaly
see also:
introduction
- craniocaudal measurement of 11-13 cm is frequently used as the upper limit of normal splenic size on imaging studies
- 2-5% of the population have a palpable spleen
- patients with splenomegaly should be advised to avoid all contact sports as there is a risk of fatal splenic rupture
- splenic rupture risk is higher in older patients as the splenic capsule thins with age
hypersplenism
- criteria include:
- anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, or combinations thereof, plus,
- cellular bone marrow
- splenomegaly
- improvement after splenectomy
- chronic, severe hypersplenism may occur in:
- hairy cell leukaemia
- Felty syndrome
- agnogenic myeloid metaplasia
- thalassemia major
- Gaucher disease
- haemodialysis splenomegaly
- splenic vein thrombosis
aetiology
- inflammatory response to infection or auto-immune conditions:
- hypertrophy due to increased work of RBC destruction:
- hereditary spherocytosis
- thallasaemia major
- hemoglobin SC disease
- NB. sickle cell disease results in a small, infarcted spleen rather than splenomegaly
- venous congestion:
- splenic vein thrombosis
- portal hypertension
- Banti disease
- myeloproliferative:
- eg. chronic myeloid metaplasia
- infiltrative:
- Gaucher's disease
- neoplastic:
- metastases
- miscellaneous:
- traumatic haematoma
- cysts
- haemangioma
- splenic abscesses
splenomegaly.txt · Last modified: 2022/02/22 10:12 by gary1