renal
Table of Contents
renal medicine (nephrology)
- as a general rule ALL dialysis patients or renal transplant patients who require admission should FIRST be offered to the renal unit irrespective of reason for admission
see also:
drug-induced renal disease
ARF
- many drugs implicated
- dose-related direct nephrotoxicity:
- amphotericin B, gentamicin
- hypersensitivity
- penicillins, sulphonamides
- obstructive uropathy due to crystal formation
- sulphonamides
- osmotic nephrosis
- low Mw dextran
- tetracyclines
- 2 mechanisms:
- renal failure
- Fanconi syndrome
drug-induced LE
nephrotic syndrome
papillary necrosis
- analgesic abuse
retro-peritoneal fibrosis
- methysergide, ergotamine, methyldopa
metabolic effects
- increased protein breakdown eg corticosteroids
- electrolyte disturbance
- nephrocalcinosis eh. vitamin D overdosage
- renal calculi - eg. milk-alkali syndrome
- urate nephropathy - eg. cytotoxins for neoplasia / cancer / tumours
- impaired urine-concentrating ability eg. lithium carbonate
neoplastic
- renal pelvis mesothelial tumour eg. analgesics
aetiology of small kidneys
- chronic glomerulonephritis (GN) - regular outline
- chronic acute pyelonephritis - irregular outline
- other chronic nephropathy eg. interstitial nephritis
- renal artery stenosis
- atrophy following chronic obstruction
- congenital renal hypoplasia
aetiology of large kidneys
- solitary cyst
- hydronephrosis
- hypernephroma
- hypertrophy following contralateral nephrectomy or failure
- acute acute pyelonephritis
- compulsive water, beer or cider drinker
- peri-renal haematoma
renal.txt · Last modified: 2013/01/22 02:24 (external edit)
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